What Is Precision FarmingPrecision agriculture Wikipedia. Yara. N Sensor ALS mounted on a tractors canopy a system that records light reflection of crops, calculates fertilisation recommendations and then varies the amount of fertilizer spread. Precision Agriculture NDVI 4 cm pixel GSD Drone. MapperPrecision agriculture PA, satellite farming or site specific crop management SSCM is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter and intra field variability in crops. What is precision farming It is a management strategy that employs detailed, site specific information to precisely manage production inputs. Hitech farming to be evaluated. Kerala SHMK has joined hands. Head of the Precision Farming Development Centre PFDC. Precision techniques enable the system to maximize the productivity. Why high technology precision farming Kerala has a huge gap in demand and supply of food. The goal of precision agriculture research is to define a decision support system DSS for whole farm management with the goal of optimizing returns on inputs while preserving resources. Among these many approaches is a phytogeomorphological approach which ties multi year crop growth stabilitycharacteristics to topological terrain attributes. The interest in the phytogeomorphological approach stems from the fact that the geomorphology component typically dictates the hydrology of the farm field. The practice of precision agriculture has been enabled by the advent of GPS and GNSS. The farmers andor researchers ability to locate their precise position in a field allows for the creation of maps of the spatial variability of as many variables as can be measured e. H, EC, Mg, K, and others. Similar data is collected by sensor arrays mounted on GPS equipped combine harvesters. These arrays consist of real time sensors that measure everything from chlorophyll levels to plant water status, along with multispectral imagery. This data is used in conjunction with satellite imagery by variable rate technology VRT including seeders, sprayers, etc. Precision agriculture has also been enabled by unmanned aerial vehicles like the DJI Phantom which are relatively inexpensive and can be operated by novice pilots. These systems, commonly known as drones, can be equipped with hyperspectral or RGB cameras to capture many images of a field that can be processed using photogrammetric methods to create orthophotos and NDVI maps. HistoryeditPrecision agriculture is a key component of the third wave of modern agricultural revolutions. The first agricultural revolution came along during the advent of increased mechanization, from 1. Each farmer produced enough food to feed about 2. The 1. 99. 0s prompted the Green Revolution with new methods of genetic modification, which led to each farmer feeding about 1. It is expected that by 2. With new technological advancements in the agricultural revolution of precision farming, each farmer will be able to feed 2. See Timeline of agriculture and food technology. OvervieweditThe first wave of the precision agricultural revolution will come in the forms of satellite and aerial imagery, weather prediction, variable rate fertilizer application, and crop health indicators. The second wave will aggregate the machine data for even more precise planting, topographical mapping, and soil data. Precision agriculture aims to optimize field level management with regard to crop science by matching farming practices more closely to crop needs e. Download Codec Dvb Dream on this page. Precision agriculture also provides farmers with a wealth of information to build up a record of their farmimprove decision makingfoster greater traceabilityenhance marketing of farm productsimprove lease arrangements and relationship with landlordsenhance the inherent quality of farm products e. Prescriptive plantingeditPrescriptive planting is a type of farming system that delivers data driven planting advice that can determine variable planting rates to accommodate varying conditions across a single field, in order to maximize yield. It has been described as Big Data on the farm. Monsanto, Du. Pont and others are launching this technology in the US. Precision agriculture is usually done as a four stage process to observe spatial variability Data CollectioneditGeolocating a field enables the farmer to overlay information gathered from analysis of soils and residual nitrogen, and information on previous crops and soil resistivity. Geolocation is done in two ways The field is delineated using an in vehicle GPS receiver as the farmer drives a tractor around the field. The field is delineated on a basemap derived from aerial or satellite imagery. The base images must have the right level of resolution and geometric quality to ensure that geolocation is sufficiently accurate. VariableseditIntra and inter field variability may result from a number of factors. These include climatic conditions hail, drought, rain, etc. Permanent indicatorschiefly soil indicatorsprovide farmers with information about the main environmental constants. Point indicators allow them to track a crops status, i. This information may come from weather stations and other sensors soil electrical resistivity, detection with the naked eye, satellite imagery, etc. Soil resistivity measurements combined with soil analysis make it possible to measure moisture content. Soil resistivity is also a relatively simple and cheap measurement. StrategieseditNDVI image taken with small aerial system Stardust II in one flight 2. Using soil maps, farmers can pursue two strategies to adjust field inputs Predictive approach based on analysis of static indicators soil, resistivity, field history, etc. Control approach information from static indicators is regularly updated during the crop cycle by. Wireless Sensor Networks1. Airborne instruments are able to measure the amount of plant cover and to distinguish between crops and weeds. Decisions may be based on decision support models crop simulation models and recommendation models, but in the final analysis it is up to the farmer to decide in terms of business value and impacts on the environment. It is important to realize why PA technology is or is not adopted, for PA technology adoption to occur the farmer has to perceive the technology as useful and easy to use. It might be insufficient to have positive outside data on the economic benefits of PA technology as perceptions of farmers have to reflect these economic considerations. Implementing practiceseditNew information and communication technologies NICT make field level crop management more operational and easier to achieve for farmers. Application of crop management decisions calls for agricultural equipment that supports variable rate technology VRT, for example varying seed density along with variable rate application VRA of nitrogen and phytosanitary products. Precision agriculture uses technology on agricultural equipment e. Usage around the worldeditPteryx UAV, a civilian UAV for aerial photography and photo mapping with roll stabilised camera head. The concept of precision agriculture first emerged in the United States in the early 1. In 1. 98. 5, researchers at the University of Minnesota varied lime inputs in crop fields. It was also at this time that the practice of grid sampling appeared applying a fixed grid of one sample per hectare. Towards the end of the 1. H corrections. The use of yield sensors developed from new technologies, combined with the advent of GPS receivers, has been gaining ground ever since. Today, such systems cover several million hectares. In the American Midwest US, it is associated not with sustainable agriculture but with mainstream farmers who are trying to maximize profits by spending money only in areas that require fertilizer. Precision Farming in Kerala agropedia. As it is seen that many people from Kerala are searching for informations regarding precision farming. So i have created a blog for this precisionfarminginkerala. To know about precision farming, see this video To contact Mr Digauldigaul.